El silicio (Si), un aliado de las plantas Silicon (Si), an ally of plants
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oct 6, 2026
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https://doi.org/10.30878/ces.v33n0a55
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Yamilet Mora Soto
http://orcid.org/0009-0006-9806-6826
Alfredo Reyes Tena
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9112-8303
Luis López Pérez
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7904-9039
http://orcid.org/0009-0006-9806-6826
Alfredo Reyes Tena
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9112-8303
Luis López Pérez
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7904-9039
Resumen
En este trabajo se explora el impacto del silicio (Si) en la nutrición y resistencia de las plantas con el objetivo de destacar su papel en la mitigación del estrés biótico y abiótico, pese a no considerarse un nutriente esencial. La metodología consiste en una revisión de investigaciones previas sobre su presencia en el suelo, mecanismos de absorción y efectos fisiológicos. Los resultados sugieren que el silicio fortalece estructuras de la planta, mejora la adaptación a condiciones adversas y optimiza el crecimiento vegetal. Su uso en prácticas agrícolas indica que aumenta la productividad y sostenibilidad, las cuales evidencian la necesidad de reconsiderar su clasificación en la nutrición vegetal. En conclusión, estos hallazgos plantean nuevas estrategias en el manejo de cultivos y su protección.
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MORA SOTO, Yamilet; REYES TENA, Alfredo; LÓPEZ PÉREZ, Luis.
El silicio (Si), un aliado de las plantas.
CIENCIA ergo-sum, [S.l.], v. 33, oct. 2026.
ISSN 2395-8782.
Disponible en: <https://cienciaergosum.uaemex.mx/article/view/24757>. Fecha de acceso: 17 oct. 2026
doi: https://doi.org/10.30878/ces.v33n0a55.
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Espacio del divulgador
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObrasDerivadas 4.0.
Citas
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.04.021
Bist, V., Niranja, A., Ranjan, M., Lehri, A., Seem, K., & Srivastava, S. (2020). Silicon-solubilizing media and
its implication for characterization of bacteria to mitigate biotic stress. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11, 28.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00028
Bonilla, I. (Ed.). (2013). Capítulo 6. Introducción a la nutrición mineral de las plantas. Los elementos minerales,
en J. Azcón-Bieto & M. Talón (Coords.), Fundamentos de fisiología vegetal (pp. 103-119). McGraw Hill
Interamericana.
Britannica. (2023). Silicio. Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/silicon
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A Global Approach (12th ed.). Pearson Education Limited.
Cassarino, L., Pickering, R. A., Zhang, Z., & Liguori, B. (2024). The silicon cycle in the ocean. Frontiers for Young
Minds, 12, 1178327. https://doi.org/10.3389/frym.2023.1178327
Čermelj, A. M., Golob, A., Vogel-Mikuš, & Germ, M. (2023). Silicon Mitigates Negative impacts of drought and
UV-B radiation in plants. Review. Plants, 11(1), 91. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11010091
Chang, R., & Overby, J., K. A. (2019). Chemistry (13th ed.). McGraw Hill Education.
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& L. E. Datnoff. Silicon and Plant Diseases. Springer International Publishing Switzerland. https://doi.
org/10.1007/978-3-319-22930-0
Delgado-Morato, L. D. & Bermúdez-Cardona, M. B. (2021). Inducción de resistencia en tomate (Solanum lycopersicum
L.) y antagonismo de Trichoderma viride contra Fusarium oxysporum. Acta Agronómica, 70(1),
101-106. https://doi.org/10.14482/INDES.30.1.303.661
Dhiman, P., Rojora, N., Bhardwaj, S., Sudhakaran, S. S., Kumar, A., Raturi, G., Chakraborty, K., Prakash, G. O.,
Devanna, B. N., Kumar, T. D., & Deshmukh, R. (2021). Fascinating role of silicon to combat salinity stress
in plants: An updated overview. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 162, 110-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
plaphy.2021.02.023
Gaur, S., Kumar, J., Kumar, D., Kumar, C. D., Mohan, P. S., & Kumar, S. P. (2020). Fascinating impact of silicon
and silicon transporters in plants: a review. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 202, 110885. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110885
Gómez-Merino, F. C., Trejo-Téllez, L. I., Cuacua-Temiz, C., Jácome, C. M. de los A., & Sentíes-Herrera, H. (2015).
Los elementos benéficos: potencial para innovar la producción agrícola. AGROENTORNO, 166(18), 19-20.
Guo-chao, Y., Nikolic, M., Mu-jun, Y., Zhuo-xi, X., & Yong-chao, L. (2018). Silicon acquisition and accumulation
im plant and its significance for agriculture. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 17(10), 2138-2150. https://
doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62037-4
Gutiérrez, H. F. y Pensiero, J. F. (2020). Capítulo 3 Espermatófitos, en H. F. Gutiérrez (Ed.), Botánica sistemática
de las plantas con semillas (pp. 58-59). Santa Fe: Ediciones UNL. https://bibliotecavirtual.unl.edu.ar:8443/
bitstream/handle/11185/5567/botanica1_web.pdf
Hassan, E., & Ryong, J. B. (2018). Silicon (Si): Review and future prospects on the action mechanisms in alleviating
biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 147, 881-896. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.09.063
Haynes, R. J. (2017). The nature of biogenic Si and its potential role in Si supply in agricultural soils. Agriculture,
Ecosystems and Environment, 245, 100-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2017.04.021
Hodson, M. J., White, P. J., Mead, A., & Broadley, M. R. (2005). Phylogenetic variation in the silicon composition
of plants. Annals of Botany, 96(6), 1025-1046. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mci255
Hong, D.-d., Talha, J., Yao, Y., Zou, Z.-y, Fu, H.-y., Gao, S.-j., Xie, Y., & Wang, J.-d. (2021). Silicon enhancement
for endorsement of Xanthomonas albilineans infection in sugarcane. Ecotocicology and Environmental Safety,
220, 112380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112380
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Kathpalia, R., & Bhatla, S. C. (2018). Plant Mineral Nutrition, en S. C. Bhatla, & M. A. Lal (Eds.), Plant Physiology,
Development and Metabolism (pp. 37-81). Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-
13-2023-1_2
Khan, I., Afzan, A. S., Rizwan, M., Ali, S., Jawad, H. M., Brestic, M., Zhang, X., & Huang, L. (2021). Effects of
silicon on heavy metal uptake at the soil-plant interphase: A review. Ecotoxicología y Seguridad Ambiental,
222, 112-515. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112510
Kochhar, S. L., & Kaur, G. S. (2020). Chapter 4. Mineral Nutrition and Absorption, en S. L. Kochhar & G. S.
Kaur (Eds.), Plant Physiology. Theory and Applications (pp. 100-134). Cambridge University Press.
Liang, Y., Nikolic, M., Bélanger, R., Gong, H., & Song, A. (2015a). Chapter 3. Silicon Biogeochemistry and Bioavailability
in Soil, en Y. Liang, M. Nikolic, R. Bélanger, H. Gong, & A. Song, Silicon in Agriculture From
Theory to Practice (pp. 45-65). Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-
94-017-9978-2
Liang, Y., Nikolic, M., Bélanger, R., Gong, H., & Song, A. (2015b). Chapter 1. History and Introduction of Silicon
Research, en Y. Liang, M. Nikolic, R. Bélanger, H. Gong & A. Song. Silicon in Agriculture From Theory to
Practice (pp. 1-14). Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9978-2
Liang, Y., Nikolic, M., Bélanger, R., Gong, H., & Song, A. (2015c). Chapter 9. Silicon and Plant-Pathogen Interactions,
en Y. Liang, M. Nikolic, R. Bélanger, H. Gong, & A. Song. Silicon in Agriculture From Theory to Practice
(pp. 181-193). Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9978-2
Loya, R. J. G., Beltrán, M. F. A., Zamora, S. S., Ruiz, E. F. H., & Navajas, J. J. (2022). Tierra de diatomeas: una
alternativa sustentable para protección de maíz almacenado. Journal of Agricultural Sciences Research, 2(2),
1-5. https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.973222201036
Ma, J. F. & Yamaji, N. (2015). A cooperated system of silicon transport in plants. Trends in Plant Science, 20(7),
435-442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2015.04.007
Maldonado, Y. (2022). Geología web. Minerales y Piedras Preciosas: nombres, tipos, significado y fotos. https://
geologiaweb.com/minerales/piedras-preciosas/#google_vignette
Marrero-Artabe, L., Torrent Molina, J., Velázquez Carrera, N., Socorro Fuentes, V. y Ramírez González, M. (2020).
Eficacia de Tierra Diatomea para el control de Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky en un silo metálico. Revista
de Protección Vegetal, 35(1).
Méndez-Otero, A. C., & Castellanos González, L. (2019). Eficacia de la tierra de diatomeas y la cal sobre ariónidos
y agriolimácidos. Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria, 20(3), 579-593.
Mitani-Ueno, N., & Feng, M. J. (2020). Linking transport system of silicon with its accumulation in different plant
species. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 67(1), 10-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2020.1845972
Osterrieth, M., Frayssinet, L., Benvenuto, L., Donna, R., Paolicchi, M. R., Frayssunet, C., Borrelli, N., Fernández,
H. M. N. y Morel, E. (2019). Sílice amorfa y biogeoquímica del silicio en secuencias pedosedimentarias del
sudeste bonaerense (pp. 402-405). V Reunión Argentina de Geoquímica de la Superficie (RAGSU), . La
Plata. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/77848
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its implication for characterization of bacteria to mitigate biotic stress. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11, 28.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00028
Bonilla, I. (Ed.). (2013). Capítulo 6. Introducción a la nutrición mineral de las plantas. Los elementos minerales,
en J. Azcón-Bieto & M. Talón (Coords.), Fundamentos de fisiología vegetal (pp. 103-119). McGraw Hill
Interamericana.
Britannica. (2023). Silicio. Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/silicon
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A Global Approach (12th ed.). Pearson Education Limited.
Cassarino, L., Pickering, R. A., Zhang, Z., & Liguori, B. (2024). The silicon cycle in the ocean. Frontiers for Young
Minds, 12, 1178327. https://doi.org/10.3389/frym.2023.1178327
Čermelj, A. M., Golob, A., Vogel-Mikuš, & Germ, M. (2023). Silicon Mitigates Negative impacts of drought and
UV-B radiation in plants. Review. Plants, 11(1), 91. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11010091
Chang, R., & Overby, J., K. A. (2019). Chemistry (13th ed.). McGraw Hill Education.
Chuncho, V. G. A., Chuncho, M. C. G., & Aguirre M. Z. H. (2019). Anatomía y morfología vegetal. Loja: Universidad
Nacional de Loja.
Datnoff, L. E., & Rodrigues, F. A. (2015). Chapter 1. History of Silicon and Plant Disease, en F. A. Rodrigues,
& L. E. Datnoff. Silicon and Plant Diseases. Springer International Publishing Switzerland. https://doi.
org/10.1007/978-3-319-22930-0
Delgado-Morato, L. D. & Bermúdez-Cardona, M. B. (2021). Inducción de resistencia en tomate (Solanum lycopersicum
L.) y antagonismo de Trichoderma viride contra Fusarium oxysporum. Acta Agronómica, 70(1),
101-106. https://doi.org/10.14482/INDES.30.1.303.661
Dhiman, P., Rojora, N., Bhardwaj, S., Sudhakaran, S. S., Kumar, A., Raturi, G., Chakraborty, K., Prakash, G. O.,
Devanna, B. N., Kumar, T. D., & Deshmukh, R. (2021). Fascinating role of silicon to combat salinity stress
in plants: An updated overview. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 162, 110-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
plaphy.2021.02.023
Gaur, S., Kumar, J., Kumar, D., Kumar, C. D., Mohan, P. S., & Kumar, S. P. (2020). Fascinating impact of silicon
and silicon transporters in plants: a review. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 202, 110885. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110885
Gómez-Merino, F. C., Trejo-Téllez, L. I., Cuacua-Temiz, C., Jácome, C. M. de los A., & Sentíes-Herrera, H. (2015).
Los elementos benéficos: potencial para innovar la producción agrícola. AGROENTORNO, 166(18), 19-20.
Guo-chao, Y., Nikolic, M., Mu-jun, Y., Zhuo-xi, X., & Yong-chao, L. (2018). Silicon acquisition and accumulation
im plant and its significance for agriculture. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 17(10), 2138-2150. https://
doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62037-4
Gutiérrez, H. F. y Pensiero, J. F. (2020). Capítulo 3 Espermatófitos, en H. F. Gutiérrez (Ed.), Botánica sistemática
de las plantas con semillas (pp. 58-59). Santa Fe: Ediciones UNL. https://bibliotecavirtual.unl.edu.ar:8443/
bitstream/handle/11185/5567/botanica1_web.pdf
Hassan, E., & Ryong, J. B. (2018). Silicon (Si): Review and future prospects on the action mechanisms in alleviating
biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 147, 881-896. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.09.063
Haynes, R. J. (2017). The nature of biogenic Si and its potential role in Si supply in agricultural soils. Agriculture,
Ecosystems and Environment, 245, 100-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2017.04.021
Hodson, M. J., White, P. J., Mead, A., & Broadley, M. R. (2005). Phylogenetic variation in the silicon composition
of plants. Annals of Botany, 96(6), 1025-1046. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mci255
Hong, D.-d., Talha, J., Yao, Y., Zou, Z.-y, Fu, H.-y., Gao, S.-j., Xie, Y., & Wang, J.-d. (2021). Silicon enhancement
for endorsement of Xanthomonas albilineans infection in sugarcane. Ecotocicology and Environmental Safety,
220, 112380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112380
IGME (Instituto Geológico y Minero de España). (2022). Panorama Minero. Sílice (Industrial) 2021. https://
info.igme.es/media/Pdfs/SILICE%202021.pdf
INTAGRI. (2018). Plantas C3, C4 Y CAM. https://www.intagri.com/public_files/125.-Plantas-C3-C4-y-CAM.pdf
Kathpalia, R., & Bhatla, S. C. (2018). Plant Mineral Nutrition, en S. C. Bhatla, & M. A. Lal (Eds.), Plant Physiology,
Development and Metabolism (pp. 37-81). Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-
13-2023-1_2
Khan, I., Afzan, A. S., Rizwan, M., Ali, S., Jawad, H. M., Brestic, M., Zhang, X., & Huang, L. (2021). Effects of
silicon on heavy metal uptake at the soil-plant interphase: A review. Ecotoxicología y Seguridad Ambiental,
222, 112-515. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112510
Kochhar, S. L., & Kaur, G. S. (2020). Chapter 4. Mineral Nutrition and Absorption, en S. L. Kochhar & G. S.
Kaur (Eds.), Plant Physiology. Theory and Applications (pp. 100-134). Cambridge University Press.
Liang, Y., Nikolic, M., Bélanger, R., Gong, H., & Song, A. (2015a). Chapter 3. Silicon Biogeochemistry and Bioavailability
in Soil, en Y. Liang, M. Nikolic, R. Bélanger, H. Gong, & A. Song, Silicon in Agriculture From
Theory to Practice (pp. 45-65). Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-
94-017-9978-2
Liang, Y., Nikolic, M., Bélanger, R., Gong, H., & Song, A. (2015b). Chapter 1. History and Introduction of Silicon
Research, en Y. Liang, M. Nikolic, R. Bélanger, H. Gong & A. Song. Silicon in Agriculture From Theory to
Practice (pp. 1-14). Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9978-2
Liang, Y., Nikolic, M., Bélanger, R., Gong, H., & Song, A. (2015c). Chapter 9. Silicon and Plant-Pathogen Interactions,
en Y. Liang, M. Nikolic, R. Bélanger, H. Gong, & A. Song. Silicon in Agriculture From Theory to Practice
(pp. 181-193). Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9978-2
Loya, R. J. G., Beltrán, M. F. A., Zamora, S. S., Ruiz, E. F. H., & Navajas, J. J. (2022). Tierra de diatomeas: una
alternativa sustentable para protección de maíz almacenado. Journal of Agricultural Sciences Research, 2(2),
1-5. https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.973222201036
Ma, J. F. & Yamaji, N. (2015). A cooperated system of silicon transport in plants. Trends in Plant Science, 20(7),
435-442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2015.04.007
Maldonado, Y. (2022). Geología web. Minerales y Piedras Preciosas: nombres, tipos, significado y fotos. https://
geologiaweb.com/minerales/piedras-preciosas/#google_vignette
Marrero-Artabe, L., Torrent Molina, J., Velázquez Carrera, N., Socorro Fuentes, V. y Ramírez González, M. (2020).
Eficacia de Tierra Diatomea para el control de Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky en un silo metálico. Revista
de Protección Vegetal, 35(1).
Méndez-Otero, A. C., & Castellanos González, L. (2019). Eficacia de la tierra de diatomeas y la cal sobre ariónidos
y agriolimácidos. Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria, 20(3), 579-593.
Mitani-Ueno, N., & Feng, M. J. (2020). Linking transport system of silicon with its accumulation in different plant
species. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 67(1), 10-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2020.1845972
Osterrieth, M., Frayssinet, L., Benvenuto, L., Donna, R., Paolicchi, M. R., Frayssunet, C., Borrelli, N., Fernández,
H. M. N. y Morel, E. (2019). Sílice amorfa y biogeoquímica del silicio en secuencias pedosedimentarias del
sudeste bonaerense (pp. 402-405). V Reunión Argentina de Geoquímica de la Superficie (RAGSU), . La
Plata. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/77848
Pandey, R., Singh, C., Mishra, S., Iderawumi, A. M., & Vyas, D. (2024). Silicon uptake and transport mechanisms
in plants: processes, applications and challenges in sustainable plant management. Biología Futura, 76(1),
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